中国储能网讯：美国能源部正在通过提供补偿激励和引入资本投资等政策来降低长时储能技术的成本，达到推动该技术的商业化起飞和可复制性，以达到的目的。
一位联邦能源官员周五表示，随着美国能源部寻求促进长时储能的商业化，100多家技术提供商正在长时储能的市场上竞争。
More than 100 technology providers are competing in the long-duration energy storage market as the U.S. Department of Energy seeks to boost commercialization, a federal energy official said Friday.
美国能源部负责电力的助理部长吉恩·罗德里格斯（Gene Rodrigues）表示，到2050年，约460 GW的长时储能可以通过降低电网运营成本和避免支出200 GW的化石燃料发电资产来满足峰值需求的方式，达到实现100亿至200亿美元的成本节省。
Gene Rodrigues, assistant secretary for electricity at the U.S. Department of Energy, said about 460 GW of long-duration energy storage by 2050 could deliver $10 billion to $20 billion in cost savings from reduced operating costs on the grid and avoiding capital spending for a build-out of 200 GW of fossil fuel generating assets that might otherwise be needed to meet peak demand.
他在美国能源部的一次名为“商业起飞之路”的系列谈论的网络演讲上说：“这不是一个大事件，而是一个巨大的事件。”
“That’s not a big deal. That’s a huge deal,” he said at a DOE web-based presentation discussing the agency’s series, “Pathways To Commercial Liftoff.”
三月份的报告为商业化长时储能、先进核反应堆、清洁氢和碳管理制定了路线图。该机构表示，这些报告旨在帮助行业、投资者和其他利益相关者就削减电力行业温室气体排放所需的新兴技术做出决定。
The March reports chart pathways to commercialize long-duration storage, advanced nuclear reactors, clean hydrogen and carbon management. The agency said the reports are intended to help industry, investors and other stakeholders make decisions about the emerging technologies needed to slash greenhouse gas emissions from the power sector.
美国能源部清洁能源示范办公室主任大卫·克兰（David Crane）在周五的演示中表示，拓展长时储能的努力将“由私营部门主导，并由政府提供支持”。《起飞》报告称，每年50美元（合356.7元RMB）/KW至75美元（合535元RMB）/KW的资源充足性补偿或监管估值将激励长时储能的私人融资。报告又称，其他政策和监管机制，如股权割让和碳支付，将减少对直接补偿的需求。
David Crane, director of DOE’s Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations, said during Friday’s presentation that efforts to broaden LDES will “be private sector-led and government enabled.” The Liftoff report said $50/kW to $75/kW per year in resource adequacy compensation or regulatory valuation would motivate private financing for long-duration storage. Other policy and regulatory mechanisms, such as carve-outs and carbon payments, would reduce the need for direct compensation, the report said.
他说：“我们展示这些项目的同时，也应该着眼于确保项目的可复制性，不仅是技术的可复制性，也包括商业上的可复制性。”
“As we demonstrate these projects we’re also supposed to be looking to ensure replicability of the projects,” he said. “Not just technology replicability but commercial replicability.”
技术转型办公室的项目分析师史蒂芬·亨德里克森（Stephen Hendrickson）表示，美国能源部将长时储能定义为10至160小时的电力调度。长时储能需要公共和私人投资来降低成本，提高技术性能和市场干预，以补偿长时储能提供的服务。
The DOE defines LDES as 10 to 160 hours of power dispatch, said Stephen Hendrickson, a program analyst in DOE’s Office of Technology Transitions. LDES requires public and private investment to drive down costs and improve technology performance and market interventions to compensate LDES for the service it provides.
亨德里克森称“解决这些因素将使这项技术从净零世界扩展到工业级别”。
“Addressing these factors would allow the technology to scale to industrial level in a net-zero world,” Hendrickson said.
对于美国能源部来说，“起飞”是指私人资本可以接管，技术成本和运营得到显著改善，市场通过增加补偿或其他方式充分认识到长时储能的全部价值，以及实现工业规模的制造和部署能力。
To DOE, “lift-off” occurs when private capital can take over as technology costs and operations improve significantly, the market recognizes LDES’s full value through increased compensation or other means, and industrial-scale manufacturing and deployment capacity are achieved.
根据美国能源部的报告，到2028至2030年期间，那时的技术成本必须相对于目前已知的领先长时储能的技术成本再降低45%至55%。并且长时储能技术的性能和使用寿命必须提高，才能与锂离子储能和氢储能竞争。
Technology costs must decline by 45% to 55% by 2028 to 2030 relative to costs reported now by leading LDES technologies, and the performance and working lifetime of LDES technologies must improve to compete with lithium-ion storage and hydrogen, according to the DOE report.
美国能源部的报告称，到2030年，日间长时储能技术的成本必须从目前的1100美元（合7847元RMB）/千瓦至1400美元（合9987元RMB）/千瓦的范围降至650美元（合4637元RMB）/千瓦。多日长时储能技术必须在2030年前从目前的1900美元（合13554元RMB）/千瓦至2500美元（合17835元RMB）/千瓦的范围降至1100美元（合7847元RMB）/千瓦。
By 2030, inter-day LDES technologies must reduce costs to $650/kW from the current range of $1,100/kW to 1,400/kW, the DOE report said. Multi-day technologies must improve to $1,100/kW by 2030 from a range of $1,900/kW to $2,500/kW now.
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翻译：
张泽
比亚迪储能及新型电池事业部
EKV（EnergyKnowledge Volunteer）计划创始成员
