中国储能网讯：
译者说：这么多年来，交通电气化的发展一直进进退退，随着大规模应用清洁新能源的应用以及电动汽车的普及，这次交通电气化改革浪潮比以往任何一次更贴近现实。我们要从方案设计、工程应用、场景落地等多角度估算未来电气交通化实现的可能性。
我们需要从以前充电设施部署、公共事业设计、客户电动车运用中得到一些经验。
We need to learn from prior experiences deploying charging infrastructure and early utility efforts to design and implement customer EV programs.
Bryan Jungers是E Source公司的电动车方向的主管。
Bryan Jungers is director of mobility at E Source.
说到交通电气化，大多数公共设施在过去几十年中一直处于快速修建或者等待建设的状态。虽然电动汽车并不是新事物，市场也为其普及做过很多次尝试，但已经有太多次错误的开始，以至于公用事业公司很难确定这次是真的。作为一名长期的行业观察者，我相信这次是真的，电动汽车与充电基础设施之间鸡生蛋还是蛋生鸡的关系问题已经解决：因为两者都需要尽快发展。
When it comes to transportation electrification, most utilities have been in a hurry-up-and-wait mode for the past few decades. While EVs are not new, nor is the pressure to prepare for them, there have been so many false starts that it’s hard for utilities to be sure that this time it’s for real. As a long-time industry watcher, I believe it is for real, and the chicken-and-egg problem of electric vehicles vs. charging infrastructure is settled: both are needed ASAP.
一个新模式
A new paradigm
如果让你从头开始建立一个新的电网和公用事业，会怎么样？它看起来和我们今天的情况一样吗？有了新的信息和后见之明，它可能会很不相同。
What if you could build a new grid and utility from the ground up? Would it look anything like what we currently have today? With new information and the benefit of hindsight, chances are it would not.
我们需要用新视角来规划现代电网，以实现社会经济的电气化、脱碳化和公平化目标。我们需要为一个与现在截然不同的未来做准备，同时借鉴之前部署充电设施、公用事业、电动车普及应用的经验。
We need to bring new vision to the work of planning for a modern grid that can support electrification, decarbonization and equity goals for the economy and society. We need to prepare for a future that looks very different from the present while learning from prior experiences deploying charging infrastructure and early utility efforts to design and implement customer EV programs.
以下是我们从过去的交通电气化努力中获得的一些经验教训：
Below are some of the lessons we’ve learned from past efforts to electrify transportation:
不要把所有鸡蛋放在一个篮子里
Don’t put all your eggs in one basket
没有任何一个解决方案提供商能够独自实现整个交通系统的电气化。联邦基础设施项目是大型的、昂贵的，并且耗时数年。管理、报告和协调的要求非常广泛。大型电动车充电设施部署项目若想要取得成功，需要由多个解决方案提供商和其他利益相关方组成的精英团队密切合作。
No single solution provider can electrify the entire transportation system on its own. Federal infrastructure projects are large, expensive and take years to roll out. The management, reporting and coordination requirements are extensive. For large EV charging infrastructure deployment projects to be successful, they require a competent team of multiple solution providers and other stakeholders working together closely.
降低投资和项目设计中技术与供应商的关联，对尽可能多向解决方案供应商和客户开放，从而使你的投资和项目面向未来。
Future-proof your investments and programs by designing them to be technology- and vendor-agnostic, open to as many solution providers and customer choices as possible.
每件事都比你预期的时间更长，成本更高
Everything takes longer and costs more than you expect
在政府支持电网现代化的第一波投资中，我们大大低估了部署从智能电表到电动汽车充电桩等新技术所需的时间和精力。虽然建立 "竞争力"的项目提案，紧迫的时间表和紧张的预算很有诱惑力，但在实践中这几乎不是一个好主意。
During the first wave of government spending in support of grid modernization, we greatly underestimated how much time and effort is required to deploy new technologies, from smart meters to EV charging stations. While it is tempting to establish “competitive” project proposals with aggressive timelines and tight budgets, this is almost never a good idea in practice.
特别是，不要忘记仔细考虑运营和维护要求，以及前期成本。虽然总是有奖励资金可以帮助减少资本支出，但运行和维护方面的奖励几乎是不存在的。在分布式、远程和技术设备正式开始运营之后。拥有一个资产管理计划至关重要。
In particular, don’t forget to give careful consideration to operation and maintenance requirements and costs upfront. While there are always incentive dollars available to help reduce capital expenses, incentives for O&M are almost nonexistent. After the ribbon-cutting fanfare ends, the real work of operating distributed, remote and technical equipment begins. Having an asset-management plan is critical.
让你的供应方和需求方站在同一边
Get your supply and demand sides on the same side
沟通、透明和共享数据对规划过程至关重要，尤其是在协调供需双方进行规划时。随着交通电气化成为人们关注的焦点，现在是公用事业部门打破内部隔阂并倡导所需的时候了。
Communication, transparency and shared data are critical to the planning process, especially when it comes to harmonizing supply- and demand-side planning. With transportation electrification top of mind, now’s the time for utilities to break down internal silos and advocate for what’s needed.
我们已经了解到，跨领域团队的有效合作和信息共享通常会带来更好的结果，但我们可以做得更好：让我们将这种协调扩大到其他公用事业公司和利益相关团体。例如，我们正在见证纽约州令人难以置信的发展，那里的公用事业公司正在分享信息，以建立一个全州的综合能源数据资源工具。
We’ve learned that working effectively in cross-disciplinary teams and sharing information usually leads to better outcomes, but we can do even better: let’s expand this coordination across other utilities and stakeholder groups. For example, we’re witnessing incredible developments in the state of New York where utilities are sharing information to establish a statewide Integrated Energy Data Resources tool.
不要忘记向上游游去
Don’t forget to swim upstream
电动汽车制造商每天都在做出影响公用事业的决定，但许多公用事业公司并没有与原始设备制造商（或其他公用事业公司）在既得利益方面进行合作，例如管理充电、充电基础设施、车辆输电网标准和电能质量要求。你可以对上游发生的事情做出反应，也可以对其施加影响力。
EV manufacturers are making decisions every day that affect utilities, but many utilities aren’t collaborating with OEMs (or other utilities) where they have a vested interest, e.g., managed charging, charging infrastructure, vehicle-to-grid standards and power quality requirements. You can react to what happens upstream, or you can influence it.
在汽车远程信息处理以及中型和重型卡车制造这两个领域，公用事业公司应积极向上游发展，以影响分销商和制造商。我们已经看到，在这两个关键领域的被动地位会导致产品和服务不符合公用事业项目的要求或服务电网的需要。
Two areas where utilities should be actively moving upstream to influence distributors and manufacturers are in vehicle telematics and medium- and heavy-duty vehicle manufacturing. We’ve seen that a reactive position in these two critical areas leads to products and services that do not match utility program requirements or service grid needs.
准备好了：电池要来了
Get ready: Batteries are coming
公用事业部门正在从服务固定负荷过渡到成为清洁能源经济的燃料供应商，而电池（包括固定和移动）将从此从根本上改变电网。随着装机容量的增长，电池成本继续下降。
Utilities are transitioning from serving stationary loads to becoming fuel providers for the clean energy economy, and batteries (both stationary and mobile) will forever and fundamentally change the grid. Costs continue to come down as installed capacity grows.
随着电池储能站的总成本下降，存储将成为我们电网基础设施的一个基础部分。电池将缓冲太阳能日照不足、风力低迷和天然气价格波动的情况。最终，它们将取代调峰电站。
As the full cost of installing a battery power plant drops, storage will be a foundational part of our grid infrastructure. Batteries will buffer solar insolation lows, wind doldrums and volatile gas pricing. And ultimately, they’ll replace peaker plants.
标准化将是每个层面的关键
Standardization will be key at every level
电动汽车是一个生态系统，包含很多方面--原始设备制造商、充电设备、公用事业、政府机构、车队、通信等等。特斯拉同意向竞争对手的电动汽车制造商开放其充电网络，这或许是与标准化相关的挑战最明显例子。
Mobility is its own ecosystem, and there are many moving parts — OEMs, charging equipment, utilities, government agencies, fleets, communications and more. Perhaps the most visible example of a challenge related to standardization is Tesla’s agreement to open its charging networks to rival EV makers.
兼顾不同的充电设备类型是一回事；如果你必须在组件或软件层面上采用多种方法，那就完全是另一回事。许多重要的对话已经在进行；例如，美国联邦公路管理局和美国交通部最近为清洁通道上运行的直流快速充电器制定了新的标准。
It’s one thing to juggle different charging device types; it’s another thing entirely if you have to work around multiple approaches at a component or software level. Many important conversations are already happening; for example, The Federal Highway Administration and the U.S. Department of Transportation recently set new standards for DC fast chargers operated along clean corridors.
公用事业公司需要参与并主动引导对话，甚至根据需要发起对话。
Utilities need to engage and proactively shape the conversation, and even initiate them as needed.
通运输电气化的时间，而不是能否实现的问题
The when, not if, of transportation electrification
不断变化的市场动态、新政策和激励措施将继续影响交通电气化发展的许多细节，但没有改变的是，电气化即将到来。
Changing market dynamics, new policies, and incentives will continue to influence many of the details of how transportation electrification evolves, but what isn’t changing is that it’s a coming certainty.
与以往不同的是，我们有更多的资源可以利用--从资金的涌入到更复杂的数据建模，甚至是更多公用事业公司的加入--这将使交通电气化规划更加高效、有效和更有影响力。
Unlike in the past, we have many more resources to work with — from an influx of funding to more-sophisticated data modeling and even the plans of peer utilities — that will make transportation electrification planning more efficient, effective and impactful.
