中国储能网讯：随着其他地方收入的下降,容量市场对于电池储能而言正变得越来越重要。频率响应市场的饱和导致2023年其他收入来源较2022年下降了73%。容量市场提供的长期合同收入为电池提供了一些新的机会——尤其是那些拥有高价值合同的储能电池。

  The Capacity Market is becoming more important for battery energy storage following falling revenues elsewhere. The saturation of frequency response markets has caused revenues from other sources to decrease by 73% in 2023 compared to 2022. The long-term, contracted revenue provided by the Capacity Market has provided some respite for batteries - especially those with the highest value contracts.

  那么,这些合同的收入对英国电池储能系统的重要性有多大?不同系统之间有多少差异?

  So, how important have revenues from these contracts become for battery energy storage systems in Great Britain? And how much does this vary by system?

  2023年,电池在频率响应、批发市场和平衡机制中的平均收入为每年5.1万英镑/MW。考虑到容量市场收入,这一数字上升至每年6.5万英镑/MW。

  In 2023, batteries earned an average £51k/MW/year across frequency response, wholesale markets, and the Balancing Mechanism. This rose to £65k/MW/year, including Capacity Market revenues.

  1. 2023年12月,在频率响应价格下降的情况下,容量市场贡献了创纪录的30%的总收入。

  1. In December 2023, the Capacity Market contributed a record 30% of total revenue following falling frequency response prices.

  2. 当前的容量市场收入来自一系列拍卖。较老的T-4拍卖和最新的T-1拍卖为赢得合同的电池带来了最多的收入。

  2. Current Capacity Market revenues come from a range of auctions. Older T-4 auctions and the latest T-1 auctions have returned batteries that won contracts the most revenues.

  3. 在过去三年中,随着容量目标的提高和传统发电厂的退役,容量市场价格有所上涨。

  3. Prices have increased over the past three years as capacity targets went up and older generating units face retirement.

2023年12月,容量市场收入占电池所有收入的30%

Capacity Market revenues accounted for 30% of all battery revenues in December 2023

  GB BESS指数跟踪频率响应、批发交易和平衡机制的收入。2023年,该指数平均为每年5.1万英镑/MW。加入容量市场收入后,这个数字增加至每年6.5万英镑/MW。

  The GB BESS Index tracks revenues from frequency response, wholesale trading, and the Balancing Mechanism. In 2023, the index averaged £51k/MW/year. The addition of Capacity Market revenues increases this to £65k/MW/year.

  在2023年12月,收入跌至目前的最低点。所有市场的平均电池收入为每年4.2万英镑/MW,容量市场占30%。尽管容量市场收入与2022年12月相似,但这与2022年12月的10%份额形成对比。

  In December 2023, revenues fell to their lowest point to date. Average battery revenues across all markets was £42k/MW/year, with the Capacity Market accounting for 30%. This compares to a 10% share in December 2022, despite Capacity Market revenues being similar.

  然而,不同电池的容量市场收入并不相同,并且因赢得合同的拍卖而大不相同。这些将面临不同的价格和降额系数。

  Capacity Market revenues are not the same across all batteries, however, and vary significantly by the auction in which contracts were won. These will have been subjected to different prices and derating factors.

容量市场中的价格一直在上涨

Prices have been on the rise in the Capacity Market

  T-1和T-4拍卖中的价格近年来都在上涨。这种上涨影响2021年或以后开始交付的T-1合约。在T-4中,这影响了2023年及以后开始的合同。

  Prices in both T-1 and the T-4 auctions have increased in recent years. This rise impacts T-1 contracts starting delivery in 2021 or later. In the T-4, this has impacted contracts starting in 2023 and later.

  在T-1拍卖中,这些更高的价格主要是 容量目标的大幅提高。2021和2022年交付年的目标容量同比增长了33%。T-4拍卖中的目标保持相对不变,但现有发电机组的退役意味着越来越依赖新的容量项目。这些来自一个更高的价格,推高了清算价格。

  In the T-1 auction, these higher prices have come due to higher capacity targets. There was a 33% increase in target capacity year-on-year for delivery years 2021 and 2022. Targets in the T-4 auctions have remained relatively unchanged, but the retirement of existing generators means an increasing reliance on new-build sites. These have come at a higher price, driving the clearing price up.

电池储能的降额因子持续下降

Derating factors for battery energy storage have continued to decrease

  近年来,价格上涨的同时,电池储能的降额系数持续下降。2017年的拍卖引入了相对于储存期限分层的降额系数。这些旨在代表短周期储存在潜在的系统压力事件期间为系统提供的价值。

  While prices have risen in recent years, derating factors for battery energy storage have continually decreased. The 2017 auctions introduced tiered derating factors relative to storage duration. These aim to represent the value short-duration storage provides to the system during potential system stress events.

  这一变化意味着,而2016年T-1拍卖中1小时电池可以以其接入容量的96%参与交易,这一数字在2017年的拍卖中下降到40%。在T-4拍卖中,1小时单元的降额系数下降到2021年交付的36%。在2017年拍卖轮次的初始降低之后,降额系数继续下降,尽管降低速度较慢。

  This change meant that while 1-hour batteries in the 2016 T-1 auction could be contracted for 96% of their connection capacity, this dropped to 40% in the 2017 auction. In the T-4 auction, 1-hour units saw their derating factors fall to 36% for delivery in 2021. After the initial reduction from the 2017 auction round, derating factors have continued to decrease, although at a lower rate.

原有的T-4合约和更新的T-1合约为电池提供了最大价值

Older T-4 contracts and newer T-1 contracts provide the most value for batteries

  容量市场合同的有效价值可以通过将清算价格乘以降额系数来计算。这些降额系数的引入意味着2021年和2022年开始的T-4合同的电池看到的价值平均下降了80%,而与2020年开始的合同相比。

  The effective value of Capacity Market contracts can be calculated by multiplying the clearing price by derating factor. The introduction of these derating factors meant that batteries with T-4 contracts beginning in 2021 and 2022 saw an average 80% reduction in value compared to contracts beginning in 2020.

  与此同时,2023年开始交付的T-4合同的价格稳步上涨导致这些合同的价值增加,尽管降额系数在减少。在T-1中,近期的高价格明显弥补了降额系数的减少。随着价格飙升,2021/22年交付的T-1合同比2020/21年交付的T-1合同的价值高45倍。

  Meanwhile, the steady increase in price for T-4 contracts beginning delivery from 2023 has led to an increase in value for these contracts despite reducing derating factors.In the T-1, recent high prices have significantly outweighed the derating factor reductions. T-1 contracts for delivery in 2021/22 delivered 45 times as much value as T-1 contracts for delivery 2020/21 following a jump in prices.

2023年12月有34%的电池容量签订了容量市场协议

34% of battery capacity was contracted in Capacity Market agreements in December 2023

  2023年12月有效的容量市场合同下的电池总计3.3GW的额定功率,占英国所有电池容量的94%。然而,这些合同的降额容量为1.1吉瓦。平均而言,2023年12月有效的容量市场协议下的电池签约额定功率的34%——但这在不同系统之间差异很大。

  Batteries with Capacity Market contracts active in December 2023 totaled 3.3 GW based on rated power, 94% of all battery capacity in Great Britain. However, the derated capacity of these contracts is 1.1 GW. On average, batteries with Capacity Market agreements active in December 2023 were contracted for 34% of their rated power - but this varies significantly system by system.

  一些电池能够作为需求侧响应(DSR)赢得合同,后者通常具有较高的降额系数。这些传统上是用户侧的单元,可以通过减少需求为电网增加容量。

  Some batteries have been able to win contracts as Demand Side Response (DSR), which typically has higher de-rating factors. These traditionally are behind-the-meter units that can add capacity to the grid by reducing demand.